Feminism Isn’t the Problem
A woman, in a strict male-providership culture, sees that her family is struggling financially. To help the situation, she takes a job at night as a waitress bringing in anywhere from $50 – $150 in tips per shift, or maybe she takes on a larger role in her corporate career. At home, her husband doesn’t feel like he is living up to his role as provider and grows in shame.
Shame can quickly turn to anger.
Where both feminism and strict male-providership ideologies exist together, where gender-role constructs validate or threaten personal meaning and value, when a man feels it is his job to provide – and that he is failing, the door is opened to any level of response. Some will respond with open communication in the relationship and healthy problem solving tactics. However, as highlighted in Atkinson’s study on Gendered Resource Theory and Wife Abuse, in the family construct, men and women have an opportunity to validate one another’s roles and sometimes this frustration turns to abuse of spouse and children when that validation is not given/received (Atkinson et al, 2005).
Does feminism cause abuse in the home?
Yes, because egalitarian and feminist ideals threaten the foundation of cultural masculinity and some respond with aggression.
No, because frustration does not have a direct cause-and-effect relationship to abuse. Choice is not so fragile; it does not evaporate – especially in the face of a symbolic threat.
A woman entering the workforce is not necessarily a feminist move. In fact, if it was normalized – perhaps the protectionism of cultural masculinity would crumble and the link between feminism and abuse would become a non-issue.
Feminism cannot be painted with such two-dimensional strokes, however. There is more to feminism than a woman’s right to work, without a fear of abuse. A study by Liss and Erchull affirms the understanding that there is little consensus on how to define the construct of feminism (Liss et al, 2012). In their study, it concluded that self-described feminists, overall, support attachment parenting, breast feeding for longer periods of time, carrying their child more often, etc., than respondents who did not identify as feminists. This flies in the face of some of the stereotypes of feminism.
As there are many approaches to Christianity, there are many approaches to feminism. If we are defining radical feminism as infanticide or establishing a society of only women to be liberated from the tyranny of a patriarchal society, I would agree that these truly disrupt the family construct.
However, much of what I find on social media, in news stories, and in my studies, lead me to believe that our society will gain strength, and the well-being of individuals and children will be buoyed up as men and women support one another through life’s travels. The message of exclusion of an entire biological gender is not sustainable or realistic.
For my assignment I have been tasked with shining a light on the message of Gender Complementarity in the presence of Radical Feminism. However, some view Gender Complementarity in opposition, not to the extreme of Radical Feminism, but to an Egalitarian construct of marriage. “Complementarians” assign a headship of the family to the male, where “Egalitarianism” holds that positions of authority and responsibility rest equally between the husband and wife. The collaborative social source, Wikipedia, says that Complementarians hold the husband as provider, protector, and leader of the family. The wife is to collaborate with her husband, respect him, and serve as a helper in keeping the household running and nurturing the children. (Complementarianism, n.d., para. 2)
In my own marriage my husband has taken the roles of provider, teacher, and protector, while I have taken the roles of primary nurturer, educator, and protector. I anticipate a time, in the near future, when my husband will be gone from the home for 6 months. During that time there will be no complementarity. He will provide, protect, and teach from a distance, and I will be everything else including the head of the household. Through this assignment I have found that my belief system has changed from the messaging of complementarianism (though I had never heard the term before) to both egalitarianism and a form of feminism. I believe that individuals are suited, with talents, gifts, dispositions, and desires, toward certain roles in life. I honor those organic roles and the effort that goes into expanding our abilities to other talents and roles. As a military wife, I have faced tasks that I did not want to do but did them anyway. I am a more confident, resilient, and helpful member of society because of stepping out of my socially constructed roles into the gaps that I’ve seen in my family’s life.
This is the construct that my husband and I have developed, which works for us. As was exemplified in the first study I cited above, when families demand a social construct that no longer serves them, something has to change. Roles, of necessity, must be flexible. I firmly hold the belief that others will have various, valid, constructs which work in their own relationships. Being a military family, we have seen quite a few wonderful stay-at-home dads, and women who have successfully worked themselves through the ranks, providing an enriching and important impact wherever they serve.
Sources
Atkinson, M. P., Greenstein, T. N., & Lang, M. M. (2005). For Women, Breadwinning Can Be Dangerous: Gendered Resource Theory and Wife Abuse. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(5), 1137-1147. Retrieved from https://eds-a- ebscohostcom.byui.idm.oclc.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=2&sid=1df80539-1603- 4325-a6ea-e51d92dcc966%40sessionmgr101
Complementarianism. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved February 22, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarianism
Liss, M., & Erchull, M. J. (2012). Feminism and attachment parenting: attitudes, stereotypes, and misperceptions. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 67(3-4), 131- 142. doi:http://dx.doi.org.byui.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0173-z